Cranial nerve X is the vagus nerve.
It’s a mixed nerve with motor, sensory, and parasympathetic functions:

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Functions of CN X (Vagus nerve)

1. Motor

   • Muscles of the pharynx (except stylopharyngeus, CN IX)

   • Muscles of the larynx (voice, swallowing)

   • Muscles of the soft palate (except tensor veli palatini, CN V₃)

2. Sensory

   • Taste from the epiglottis and base of tongue

   • Sensation from the larynx, pharynx, external ear, external auditory canal, and external tympanic membrane

   • Visceral sensation from thoracic and abdominal organs (up to the proximal 2/3 of the transverse colon)

3. Parasympathetic (autonomic)

   • Parasympathetic fibers to the heart (slows heart rate)

   • Parasympathetic supply to thoracic and abdominal viscera (digestion, peristalsis, glandular secretions)

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👉 In short: voice, swallowing, parasympathetic to thoracic/abdominal organs, and sensory from ear, pharynx, larynx, and viscera.

Would you like me to also give you the clinical signs of vagus nerve injury (what happens if CN X is damaged)?